| Category |
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
| Drug Class Name |
Flunixin: NSAID, a nicotinic acid derivative |
| Method Title |
Determination of Flunixin in Cattle Liver by HPLC |
| Method Date |
2002/11/04 |
| Method Type |
Screening, Quantitative |
| Scope and Application |
This method can be used to screen for the presence of flunixin in bovine liver. |
| Method Summary |
Homogenized tissue is hydrolized with HCI in tubes incubated on a heating block at 110 - 120 °C for 2 hours before cooling the mixture to ambient temperature. The pH of the hydrolysate is adjusted to 9.5 - 9.70 using NaOH. Sodium chloride is added to the tubes followed by ethyl acetate prior to extraction by repeated centrifugation. The ethyl acetate extract is evaporated to dryness, reconstituted in hexane and mixed by vortex prior to cleane-up using a silica cartridge. The centrifuge tube is rinsed with 30% ethyl acetate/hexane and the contents loaded onto the cleanup column as well. Ethyl acetate is further used to wash the column contents into waste. The tubes are further rinsed twice with sodium phosphate and both eluates combined. After refrigerating the contents overnight at 2-8 ºC, the aqueous sodium phosphate solution is further cleaned-up using C18 cartridge material. After loading the extract, this cartridge is washed with water and 5% MeOH/H2O (v/v) into waste before eluting the contents from the cartridge with 40% MeOH/H2O (v/v). This eluate is loaded onto SCX cartridges for final cleanup. After washing the column with methanol, the analyte is eluted using 10 % NH4OH/MeOH. This solution is evaporated to dryness and the residue reconstituted in methanol which is aliquoted for HPLC and LCMSMS and evaporated to dryness. This is capped and stored in a freezer at -10 ºC. The HPLC aliquot is later reconstituted in the mobile phase [0.005 M Tetrabutyl Ammonium Phosphate/Methanol (46.5 /53.3 v/v)] and pressed through a 0.2 micron filter ready for analysis by HPLC-UV. A C18 Hypersil analytical column is used for separation. |
| Applicable Concentration Range |
Flunixin may be detected in bovine liver in the concentration range of 62.5 –250 µg kg -1 |
| QC Requirements |
See attached SOP |
| Method Source |
USDA-FSIS |
| Method SOP |
 SOP |
| Citation |
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